ZIL-117 is not just a car, but an entire era in the history of the Soviet automobile industry. Designed as an executive limousine for senior party leaders, it embodied luxury, reliability and technical excellence of its time. Produced in a limited edition from 1971–1978, ZIL-117 became the successor of the famous ZIL-111, inheriting its best features and adding modern solutions at that time.
This car was not available to the general public - only top officials of the state, high-ranking officials and foreign delegations became its owners. Today ZIL-117 is a rarity, the value of which increases every year. Collectors and lovers of retro technology are willing to pay hundreds of thousands of dollars for well-preserved examples. But what makes this car so special? Let's figure it out.
History of the ZIL-117: from concept to mass production
Work on ZIL-117 began in the late 1960s at the Moscow Likhachev Automobile Plant. The main task of the designers was to create a car that would meet international standards of comfort and safety, but at the same time remain a completely domestic development. The prototype was the previous flagship - ZIL-111, however, engineers made more than 1,500 changes to the design.
The first prototypes were ready by 1967, but mass production started only in 1971. The reason for the delay was the requirement of the USSR leadership for maximum unification of parts with other models of the plant, in particular with ZIL-114. I wonder what ZIL-117 became the first Soviet car equipped power steering and air conditioning as standard.
- 📅 1967 — creation of the first prototypes.
- 🏭 1971 - start of mass production.
- 🛑 1978 — release of the latest copies.
- 🔧 1983 - official discontinuation of production (in fact, assembly stopped earlier).
In total, approximately 130 copieswhat does ZIL-117 one of the rarest Soviet cars. Most of the cars were operated in Moscow and Leningrad, and after the collapse of the USSR, many copies were sold abroad or ended up in private collections.
Technical characteristics: what's under the hood of the ZIL-117
With my heart ZIL-117 became V-shaped 8-cylinder engine volume 7.0 l, developing power 300 hp at 4400 rpm. This motor was a modification of the unit from ZIL-111, but with an increased compression ratio and an improved power system. Transmission presented 3-speed automatic transmission — a rarity for the Soviet automobile industry of those years.
The car was equipped independent spring suspension front and spring rear, which ensured a smooth ride even on rough roads. The brake system included disc brakes on all wheels with vacuum booster. The maximum speed was 190 km/h, and acceleration to 100 km/h occupied about 12 seconds — impressive performance for a machine weighing more than 2.5 tons.
| Parameter | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Engine | ZIL-117, V8, 7.0 l, 300 hp |
| Gearbox | Automatic, 3 stages |
| Drive | Rear |
| Max. speed | 190 km/h |
| Fuel consumption | 22–25 l/100 km (AI-93) |
Particular attention was paid to safety: the body had a reinforced frame, and the interior was equipped shockproof seats and seat belts (optional for rear passengers). Unlike its predecessor, ZIL-117 received improved sound insulation and a ventilation system, which made travel more comfortable.
When purchasing a ZIL-117, pay attention to the condition of the engine - original spare parts are extremely difficult to find. Many owners install modern analogues, but this requires modification of the cooling system.
Design and interior: Soviet luxury
Exterior ZIL-117 was developed taking into account global trends of the 1970s. The car received smooth streamlined shapes, a large radiator grille with chrome elements and massive bumpers with “fangs”. Dimensions are impressive: length 6.3 m, width 2.08 m, height 1.58 m. The wheelbase was 3.88 m, which provided a spacious interior.
The interior was made in the best traditions of Soviet chic: genuine leather, precious wood, chrome handles and controls. The rear seats could be transformed into an almost horizontal position, and between them there was folding table with backlight. The standard package included:
- 🎧 Radio "Vega" with tape recorder (optional).
- ☎️ Telephone connection (installed by special order).
- 🌡️ Air conditioning (one of the first in the USSR).
- 🔦 Additional lighting salon
The color range of the body was limited: black, dark blue and burgundy examples are most often found. The interior decoration was done in beige, brown or dark green tones. I wonder what for Leonid Brezhnev a unique specimen was made with gold plating of interior parts.
Why was the ZIL-117 called the “Kremlin tank”
The car received this nickname not only because of its dimensions and weight, but also because of its legendary reliability. It was believed that the car could withstand even a direct ram at speeds of up to 60 km/h without serious damage to passengers. In addition, armored versions (ZIL-117V) had bulletproof glass and enhanced underbody protection.
Operation and repair: what the owner needs to know
Contain ZIL-117 today is not an easy task. The main problems are related to shortage of original spare parts and high maintenance costs. However, enthusiasts find a way out: many parts can be adapted from other ZIL models or made to order. The most vulnerable nodes:
- ⚙️ Automatic transmission - requires regular oil checks and torque converter adjustments.
- 🔥 Ignition system - original spark plugs and coils are almost impossible to find.
- 🛢️ Fuel pump - often fails due to the low quality of modern gasoline.
- 🩹 Hydraulic system — hoses and seals dry out over time.
To keep your car in working condition, it is recommended:
☑️ Checklist for maintenance of ZIL-117
Particular attention should be paid brake system. Due to the weight of the car, brake pads and discs wear out faster than on passenger cars. Recommended to use special pads with increased friction coefficient, which can be ordered from manufacturers of spare parts for retro equipment.
⚠️ Attention: Under no circumstances use modern synthetic oils in the ZIL-117 engine without first flushing the system. Original rubber seals are not designed for aggressive additives, which can lead to leaks and engine failure.
How much does ZIL-117 cost today: prices and market
Cost ZIL-117 on the secondary market varies from 50 000 up to $500,000 depending on condition, configuration and ownership history. The most expensive examples are those with documented proof of use in government agencies or with unique modifications.
Main factors influencing the price:
- 📜 Availability of original documentation (passport, transfer certificates).
- 🔧 Engine and transmission condition (restored copies are more expensive).
- 🎨 Quality of paintwork (original paint is more valuable than restoration).
- 🛋️ Interior safety (genuine leather, wood without cracks).
Most in demand cars 1971–1973, since they are considered the “cleanest” in terms of modifications. Examples after 1975 often have a simplified finish due to savings on materials. Buyers from Europe and the USA are willing to pay a premium for cars with armored glass or special options (for example, telephone communication).
| Condition | Average price, $ | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Running, needs restoration | 50 000 – 100 000 | The engine runs, but there is body corrosion |
| Good (driving) | 150 000 – 250 000 | Minimum investment, original parts |
| Restored | 300 000 – 500 000 | Complete restoration with documents |
| Unique specimens | 500 000+ | Cars with history (for example, from Brezhnev's garage) |
⚠️ Attention: When purchasing a ZIL-117, be sure to check the legal purity of the transaction. Many cars were privatized in the 1990s with violations, which can lead to problems during registration.
ZIL-117 in culture: from cinema to museums
ZIL-117 more than once became the hero of Soviet and Russian films. Most notable appearances:
- 🎬 "The Diamond Arm" (1968) - the ZIL-117 prototype can be seen in the scene with Gorbunkov.
- 🎥 "Seventeen Moments of Spring" (1973) - the car appears in episodes with Muller.
- 📺 "The meeting place cannot be changed" (1979) - used as a MUR official car.
Several copies today ZIL-117 stored in museums:
- 🏛️ Museum of Retro Cars in Moscow — black copy of 1972.
- 🚗 Vadim Zadorozhny Museum of Technology — a restored car with an original interior.
- 🌍 Cold War Museum in Lithuania - armored version of ZIL-117V.
Fun fact: in 2010 ZIL-117 was used in the band's video "Leningrad" to the song "Exhibit", which caused a new surge of interest in the model among young people.
ZIL-117 is not just a car, but a part of the history of the USSR. Its value will only increase, so investing in a well-preserved example can prove profitable.
Where can you see ZIL-117 today: exhibitions and clubs
If you want to see ZIL-117 live, pay attention to the following events:
- 📅 "Retro-Moto-Fest" (Moscow, annually in June) is one of the largest exhibitions of Soviet technology.
- 🚘 "Legends of the USSR" (St. Petersburg, August) - specializes in vintage cars.
- 🌐 "Oldtimer Gallery" (Moscow) - permanent exhibition with the possibility of renting for filming.
There are also amateur clubs ZIL-s, where owners share their experience in restoration and maintenance:
- 🤝 "ZIL-Club Russia" (community on VK and Telegram).
- 📧 "Soviet Limousine Owners" (international forum).
At some exhibitions you can not only inspect a car, but also ride it. For example, in Vadim Zadorozhny Museum of Technology There are regular excursions with rides in vintage cars. The cost of such a walk starts from 5,000 rubles in 15 minutes.
FAQ: answers to frequently asked questions about ZIL-117
How many ZIL-117s have survived to this day?
According to various estimates, today there are about 30–40 copies in more or less intact condition. Most are located in Russia, but there are a few cars in Europe and the USA. The exact number is unknown, as many of the cars were scrapped or broken up for parts in the 1990s.
Is it possible to register a ZIL-117 with the traffic police?
Yes, but the process is more complicated than with conventional cars. You will need:
- Provide original documents (vehicle passport).
- Pass a technical inspection taking into account the features of retro technology.
- Pay increased transport tax (due to high engine power).
In some cases, an examination may be required to confirm the authenticity of the vehicle.
What kind of oil should be poured into the ZIL-117 engine?
The best option is mineral or semi-synthetic oil with viscosity 15W-40 or 20W-50. Modern synthetic oils can only be used after the system has been completely flushed and all rubber seals have been replaced with oil-resistant ones. Popular brands among owners: Lukoil Luxe, Castrol GTX, Mobil Delvac.
Where can I buy spare parts for ZIL-117?
Main sources:
- 🛒 "Retro-Moto" (Moscow) - specializes in spare parts for Soviet cars.
- 🌍 "Soviet-Steel" (online store) - offers restoration parts.
- 🔧 Private workshops — many parts are made to order (for example, in Tula or Izhevsk).
Prices for original parts can reach 10,000–50,000 rubles per unit (for example, carburetor or generator).
How much does ZIL-117 consume per 100 km?
The official fuel consumption is 22–25 liters per 100 km when driving on the highway. In the urban cycle, this figure can increase to 30–35 liters. It is important to use gasoline with an octane rating of at least 93, since the original engine is not designed for modern AI-95 with ethanol.