Espresso lovers know well that the secret to the perfect cup lies not only in the quality of the bean, but also in the cleanliness of the equipment. Over time, sticky residue known as coffee oils accumulates inside the brewing unit, boiler, and pipes. These substances oxidize when exposed to oxygen, giving the drink a bitter, rancid taste that cannot be masked even by the most expensive Arabica variety.
Regularly removing coffee oils from your coffee machine is not just a matter of aesthetics, but is critical to the technical health of the machine. Ignoring this problem leads to clogging of narrow channels, increased pressure in the system and, as a result, to expensive repairs or complete replacement of components. In this article we will analyze in detail the chemical and mechanical methods of combating plaque.
The cleaning process, often called decapsulation or decalcification (although the latter more often refers to descaling), requires careful attention and the use of specialized products. We'll look at how to distinguish normal dirt from mineral deposits, what chemical reactions occur when using cleaners, and how to properly set up flushing cycles to achieve maximum results without harming your seals.
Chemistry of the process: why oils are formed
Coffee beans contain a significant amount of lipids, which are transferred into the drink during the extraction process under high pressure and temperature. When cooled down these coffee oils harden and form a viscous substance resembling tar. The main difficulty is that conventional dishwashing detergents are not able to effectively break down this polymerized fat inside the closed circuit of the coffee machine.
Oxidation of fats leads to the appearance of an unpleasant odor and taste, which is transmitted to each new serving of espresso. In addition, sticky plaque is an ideal breeding ground for bacteria and mold, which can be hazardous to health. Mechanical cleaning is only available for external elements, so internal washing with chemical reagents becomes the only solution.
⚠️ Attention: The use of aggressive household chemicals, such as chlorine-containing bleaches or dishwashing detergents with strong fragrances, is strictly prohibited. These substances can damage food-grade silicone seals and leave a lingering chemical taste in the boiler.
To effectively remove contaminants, alkaline solutions are needed that are capable of saponifying fats, turning them into water-soluble compounds. That is why professional tablets for cleaning coffee machines have a specific composition that is different from descaling agents. Understanding this difference is the key to a long life for you. Saeco, DeLonghi or Gaggia.
Necessary tools and resources
Before starting the procedure, it is important to prepare the correct equipment. You will need special coffee oil cleaning tablets, which usually contain sodium percarbonate and other alkaline ingredients. You'll also need a container to catch dirty water, a soft, lint-free brush, and possibly some silicone-based food-grade sealant lubricant.
Do not confuse descaler and oil remover (cleaner). The former work on an acid basis and remove calcium, the latter are alkaline and dissolve organic matter. Using acid where alkali is needed will not give any result in the fight against fats, but will only waste your budget.
Here is a list of what should be on hand before starting maintenance:
- 🧼 Tablets or powder for removing coffee oils (necessarily marked “for coffee machines”).
- 💧 Distilled or filtered water for preparing the solution.
- 🥣 Plastic container with a volume of at least 1 liter for soaking removable parts.
- 🧹 Soft brush or brush for cleaning the brewing unit.
- 🧤 Disposable gloves to protect the skin of your hands from alkaline solution.
When choosing a chemistry, pay attention to compatibility with your model. Some manufacturers, for example Jura or Siemens, may recommend their own branded cleaners, although universal certified products (Urnex or Durgol) often work just as well.
Preparing the coffee machine for service
The first step is always to unplug the device. Safety is the number one priority, as you will have to disassemble components that are in close proximity to electrical contacts. Allow the machine to cool completely if it has been recently used to avoid burns.
Remove the brewing unit (if removable) and the waste coffee container. Rinse them thoroughly with warm water to remove any large particles of ground coffee. This is a preparatory step that will allow the chemical cleaner to work directly on the plaque rather than washing away fresh coffee dust.
If your model belongs to the class of super-automatic machines with a stationary brewing unit (for example, some models DeLonghi Magnifica or Philips with a fixed block), the procedure will be different. In this case, you will not be able to reach the mechanism, and all cleaning will be carried out exclusively through the washing system using tablets.
⚠️ Warning: Never use abrasive sponges or metal scrapers to clean the brewing unit. Microscopic scratches on plastic parts will become an ideal place for the accumulation of new contaminants, and in the future it will be almost impossible to wash them.
Check the condition of the O-rings on the brewing unit. If they look dry or cracked, it is recommended to lubricate them with food-grade silicone grease after cleaning. This will ensure the tightness of the system and smooth operation of the mechanism.
Mechanical cleaning of the brewing unit
The removable brewing unit is the heart of the coffee machine. This is where the coffee tablet formation and extraction takes place. To deep clean it, prepare a solution of warm water and cleaning tablets (or powder) in the proportion specified by the chemical manufacturer. Usually this is one tablet per 200-300 ml of water.
Immerse the brewing unit completely in the solution. Leave it to soak for the amount of time specified in the cleaning product instructions (usually 15 to 30 minutes). You will see the water begin to change color, becoming dark brown - this is the dissolved coffee oil film coming out.
After soaking, use a soft brush to carefully go over all the hard-to-reach areas: screens, pistons and channels. Pay special attention to the metal mesh filters through which water passes. If the holes are clogged, the pressure in the system will drop and the coffee will be underexposed.
☑️ Checklist for mechanical cleaning
Rinse all parts thoroughly under running water to remove any remaining chemicals and dissolved dirt. Allow the unit to dry completely at room temperature before putting it back into the car. A damp block can cause mold to grow inside the cabinet.
Flushing the hydraulic system and boiler
After cleaning the removable elements, it is necessary to flush the internal hydraulic system. To do this, a fresh cleaner solution (water + tablet/powder) is poured into the water tank. Turn on the machine and start the brewing mode without a cup, draining the water through the cappuccino maker and the group.
The washing cycle must be repeated several times. First, run half the solution, then let the machine stand for 10-15 minutes so that the chemical has time to act on the walls of the tubes and the boiler. After this, add the rest of the solution and start the spill cycle again.
The next step is the final rinse. Rinse the tank clean, fill with fresh water and run it through the system 2-3 times. This is necessary to completely wash away any remaining alkaline cleaner. If you ignore this step, the first coffee you brew will have a soapy taste.
| Stage | Action | Duration | Goal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Preparation of the solution | 5 min | Cleaning agent activation |
| 2 | Soaking / Spilling | 15-30 min | Dissolution of polymerized oils |
| 3 | Mechanical cleaning | 10 min | Removing softened plaque |
| 4 | Final rinsing | 10 min | Removing chemical residues |
What should I do if a strange noise appears after cleaning?
If after the procedure you hear an unusual hum or whistle, there may be air or a piece of scale left in the system. Perform the dry steam cycle several times. If the noise persists, the moving parts of the brewing unit may need to be lubricated.
It is important to monitor the indicators on the control panel. Many modern models will themselves indicate when the flushing cycle is complete by flashing the corresponding symbol.
Cleaning the cappuccino maker and steam wand
Milk fats are another coffee machine enemy and are often mixed with coffee oils in the drainage system. Cappuccino makers (automatic or manual) require special attention. Rancid milk spoils the taste of any drink instantly.
For automatic cappuccino makers (as in Philips LatteGo or DeLonghi Dinamica) use the quick rinse mode after each preparation. Once a week, disassemble the milk circuit and wash it with a brush and warm soapy water, rinsing thoroughly.
Hand-held pannarellos (steam wands) are cleaned by "blowing through". Immediately after frothing the milk, release the steam for a few seconds to blow any remaining milk out of the nozzle. Then wipe the tube with a damp cloth. If the milk has dried out, soak the removable cap in warm water.
- 🥛 Never leave milk in the system overnight.
- 💨 Always clean the steam wand before and after use.
- 🚿 Once a month, use a special milkstone cleaner to deep clean your pipes.
⚠️ Attention: Be careful when cleaning the steam wand. Even after turning off the machine, condensation under pressure may remain in the tube. Always point the steamer nozzle into the drainage container before starting manipulations.
There are special liquids for decapsulating milk lines. They effectively break down protein compounds that ordinary water cannot wash away. The use of such products is especially important for office coffee machines with high traffic.
Maintenance Frequency and Prevention
How often should a complete oil removal procedure be performed? The answer depends on the intensity of use. For home use, when preparing 3-5 cups per day, it is enough to dry clean it once every 2-3 months or after every 200-300 cups prepared.
In office environments, where the machine works constantly, the interval is reduced to once a month. Critical signal immediate cleaning is a change in the taste of coffee (the appearance of bitterness) or a visual change in the color of the cream (foam) - it becomes dark and uneven.
Use filtered water or reverse osmosis water. This will not only improve the taste of the coffee, but will also significantly reduce the rate of scale formation and reduce the amount of suspended particles that mix with oils.
Regular maintenance will extend the life of the heating elements and pump. A clean machine is quieter, heats up faster and produces consistent results. Don't wait for a breakdown, act proactively.
Keep a maintenance log for your coffee machine. Write down the dates for descaling and descaling. This will help you develop an optimal schedule and not forget about an important procedure in the future.
Regular removal of coffee oils is the only guarantee that your coffee machine will delight you with perfect espresso for years, and will not turn into a source of bitter and harmful drink.
FAQ: Frequently asked questions
Can citric acid be used to remove oils?
No, citric acid is intended to remove mineral deposits (scale). It is not effective against organic fats and oils. Oils require alkaline agents.
How to understand that a car needs to be cleaned of oils?
The main signs: the coffee has become bitter, the color of the cream has changed (it has become dark or disappeared), an unpleasant odor has appeared from the brewing unit, the machine makes louder sounds when operating.
Are cleansing tablets safe for your health?
Specialized tablets are certified for use in food processing equipment. However, after cleaning, it is imperative to carry out a rinse cycle with clean water (2-3 tanks) to remove chemical residues.
Can the brewing unit be washed in the dishwasher?
Most manufacturers (DeLonghi, Philips, Saeco) prohibit washing the brewing unit in the dishwasher. High temperatures and aggressive detergents can deform the plastic and damage the lubricant of the seals. Wash by hand only.
What happens if you don’t clean your car of oils?
The oils will harden and clog narrow passages, resulting in increased pressure in the system. This can cause leaks, pump failure, or jamming of the brewing mechanism. In addition, the coffee will not taste good.