Failure to comply with safety precautions at the service station when working with a faulty brake system or a depressurized fuel tank instantly leads to serious injuries or fire. Every action of a mechanic in the repair area must strictly comply with the approved protocols, since the price of error is measured not only by the cost of equipment, but also by the health of people. Ignoring the elementary rules of fixing the car on the lift or neglecting personal protective equipment when working with aggressive fluids creates critical risks.
The organization of the workspace at the service station requires strict control over a variety of factors, from the state of electrical wiring to ventilation in the paint shop. Occupational injuries Often occurs due to banal inattention or fatigue of staff, so knowledge and application of standards is a must-have skill. In this article, we will discuss in detail the key aspects of safe operation of equipment, work with hazardous substances and behavior in the remzone.
Understanding the physics of the processes and chemical reactions that occur in a car repair process allows you to anticipate potential threats. For example, improper disposal of waste oils or storage of rags soaked in solvent can cause a serious fire. Administration of the TRT must provide employees not only with a serviceable tool, but also with relevant instructions, the conduct of which should be recorded in the journal.
Organization of the workspace and general requirements
Safety at the station begins with the correct layout of repair boxes and compliance with the rules of movement on the territory. All passages must be free of foreign objects, a canister of fuel or disassembled nodes, so that in an emergency evacuation was without a hitch. Floors in the working area must be smooth, slip-free and resistant to the effects of petroleum products and technical fluids.
Special attention is paid to lighting jobs, as poor visibility directly affects the quality of repairs and the risk of injury. Insufficient light can lead to an error in the diagnosis of electrical circuits or improper installation of fasteners. Lighting fixtures must be protected from mechanical damage and have an appropriate class of dust protection.
⚠️ Warning: It is forbidden to clutter the exits and passages between the rows of equipment with any items, even temporarily.
An important element is the zoning of the territory, where the storage space for fuel, welding areas and areas for washing units are clearly separated. Respect for distance between working posts prevents the spread of sparks or fragments in neighboring areas. Regular cleaning of spilled liquids and removing oil stains from the floor is not a matter of cleanliness, but a need to prevent slip and fire hazards.
- 🚧 Mandatory availability of serviceable fire extinguishers in accessibility for each workplace.
- 🚧 Clear labeling of high-risk areas and chemical storage sites.
- 🚧 The presence of first aid kits and means of neutralizing acids and alkalis.
Safe operation of lifting equipment
Work with car lifts belongs to the category of operations with increased risk and requires strict compliance with the regulations. Before the start of lifting, the mechanic must make sure that the car is installed evenly, and the supporting legs are brought under the reinforced points of the body specified by the manufacturer. vehicle. The use of wooden bars or metal pipes to adjust the height of supports is strictly prohibited.
After lifting the car to the height necessary for work, it is necessary to block the lift with mechanical stops or hydraulic locks. Hydraulic system It can fail due to fluid leakage or pump failure, so you can’t rely on the pressure in the system alone. Stability check is made by lightly swaying the car before climbing under it.
It is forbidden to be under a raised car if it is held only by hydraulics without mechanical fixation. Also, welding work on the body can not be carried out while the car is on the lift, without taking special measures to ground and protect the hydraulics from sparks. Any failure of cables, chains or hydraulic hoses requires immediate decommissioning of the equipment.
- 🔧 Checking the integrity of the cables and the absence of backlashes in the connections before the change.
- 🔧 Regular lubrication of the moving parts of the mechanism according to the service card.
- 🔧 Control the absence of oil on the floor under the lift to prevent slipping.
Work with electrical equipment and current sources
Diagnostics and repairs of the vehicle’s electrical circuits require the use of a serviceable tool and compliance with electrical safety regulations. The voltage in the on-board network, although it is considered conditionally safe (12V or 24V), with a short circuit can cause a powerful heating of conductors, melting of insulation and ignition of cabin materials. Battery battery with a short circuit, the terminals are able to give a current of hundreds of amperes, which leads to an explosive boiling of the electrolyte.
When working with high-voltage systems of hybrid and electric cars, safety requirements increase many times over. The mechanic must have a high voltage tolerance, use dielectric gloves and tools with insulation up to 1000V. Before the start of work, the procedure of equipping the high-voltage battery and checking the lack of potential on the current parts is necessarily carried out.
⚠️ Attention: Remove the terminals from the battery should only be turned off ignition and all energy consumers to avoid voltage surges.
The use of non-standard wires, twists instead of soldering or terminal connections, as well as the use of fuses of inappropriate denomination ("bugs") is unacceptable. Starters and generators during the check on the stand should be securely fixed, since when power is supplied they can come into motion with great force.
☑️ Power tool inspection
Fire safety and work with fuel
The car service refers to objects with a high fire load due to the constant presence of fuel and lubricants, solvents and rubber products. Storage of gasoline, diesel fuel and oils is allowed only in specially designated places, in sealed containers, excluding evaporation and strait. Vetosh, impregnated with oil or solvent, should be folded into metal boxes with a tightly closed lid to prevent spontaneous combustion.
Carrying out welding and gas cutting works requires the registration of a special outfit-admission and the liberation of the adjacent territory from flammable objects. Gas cylinders (oxygen, acetylene, propane) shall be installed vertically, secured by chains and kept at a safe distance from open-fire sources. Hoses and gearboxes are tested for leakage with a soap solution before each use.
| Type of fire extinguisher | Extinguishment facility | Limitations |
|---|---|---|
| Powder (OP) | Solids, fuels, electrical equipment | Severe dust, decreased visibility |
| Carbon dioxide (OC) | Electrical installations, archives, electronics | Metal Cooling, Risk of Hand Burns |
| Foamy (OP) | Combustible liquids, solid materials | Prohibited for electrical wiring extinguishing |
In case of fire, it is necessary to immediately stop work, turn off the room and start extinguishing with available means, calling the fire brigade.
Protection in working with chemicals
A modern car requires the use of a wide range of chemicals, from acid electrolytes to aggressive brake cleaners and rust solvents. Contact of these substances with the skin causes chemical burns, and the ingress of vapors into the airways - poisoning or allergic reactions. Personal protective equipmentRespirators, such as rubber gloves, goggles and respirators, should be used.
Of particular danger are work with antifreeze and brake fluid, which are toxic and can be absorbed through the skin. If fluid enters the eyes, you should immediately wash them with plenty of clean water and consult a doctor. Chemicals should be stored in original containers with clearly legible labels and warning signs.
First aid for chemical burns
When burned with acid, wash with water with soap or soda solution. When burned with alkali - a weak solution of citric or acetic acid. In both cases, after washing, apply a sterile bandage and call a doctor.
Ventilation of working rooms should ensure a multiplicity of air exchange sufficient to remove solvent and exhaust vapors. The operation of the engine of the car in a closed box without exhaust exhaust exhaust system is prohibited due to the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning, which has no smell and color.
- 🧤 Use of nitrile gloves to protect against oils and solvents.
- 🧤 Wearing safety glasses when working with acids and under pressure.
- 🧤 Presence of neutralizing compounds for emergency treatment of spills.
Safety when using hand and pneumatic tools
Mechanized tools significantly speed up work, but create additional risks of injury. Pneumatic screws and drills require regular checks of the hoses and joints, as the separation of the hose under pressure can lead to impact and damage to the eyes or skin. Rotating parts The tool should not come into contact with clothing, so the sleeves should be fastened and the long hair removed.
When working with grinding machines and "Bulgars" it is necessary to use a protective shield and glasses, since a flying spark or abrasive circle can cause serious injury. It is forbidden to use the tool with a damaged body, cable or without protective casings. Sharpening machines They must be installed on a stable basis and have sparklers.
⚠️ It is forbidden to transfer a working pneumatic tool from hand to hand without first disconnecting the hose or blocking the air.
Hand tools such as hammers, chisels and wrenches should also be in good working condition. Hammers with open-ended beeches or cracked handles, keys with "broken" yawns are subject to immediate replacement or repair. The use of extension tubes on the keys ("building") is prohibited, as this leads to breakage of the tool and injuries.
Tip: Before you start working with any power tool, make a visual inspection of the cable for damage to the insulation and check the idle.
FAQ: Frequently Asked Security Questions
What PPE is required for a mechanic in the remson?
A mandatory minimum is a special shoe with a metal sock, tight workwear without hanging elements, protective glasses when working with metal and chemistry, as well as gloves of the appropriate type of protection.
What to do if a large amount of oil is spilled on the floor?
It is necessary to immediately restrict access to the spill site, sprinkle the oil with sand, sawdust or special sorbent, collect the contaminated material in a metal container and dispose of as a dangerous waste.
Can I smoke in a repair box?
Smoking in the production premises of the car service is strictly prohibited due to the high concentration of fuel vapor and the presence of flammable materials. This is done with special equipped spaces outside the working area.
How often should I be given safety training?
Primary instruction is carried out at the time of employment, repeated - at least once every six months. Unscheduled instruction is mandatory in case of change of technological process or after accidents.
The main rule: No repair operation is worth risking your life or health. Safety compliance is a professional standard, not a formality.