Organizing parking space is a task that requires strict compliance with standards and taking into account the characteristics of vehicles. An improperly designed parking lot leads to accidents, difficult maneuvering and fines for violating the markings. In this article we will look at current parking schemes with dimensions, approved GOST R 52289-2019 and SP 113.13330.2021, and also give practical recommendations on their use for different types of cars - from compact hatchbacks to trucks.

You will learn how to correctly calculate the width of a parking space for parallel, perpendicular and oblique (“herringbone”) schemes, what nuances to consider when designing parking lots for disabled people and electric vehicles, and how to avoid typical mistakes leading to fines of up to 5,000 rubles for incorrect markings (Article 12.19 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation). At the end of the article there are ready-made drawings and answers to frequently asked questions.

1. Regulatory framework: which GOSTs regulate the size of parking lots in 2026

There are several key documents in Russia that define the parameters of parking spaces:

  • 📜 GOST R 52289-2019 - the main standard regulating geometric parameters parking lots, including width, length and angles.
  • 📄 SP 113.13330.2021 — a set of rules for the design of parking lots, including requirements for passing through, marking and lighting.
  • ⚖️ Government Decree No. 1090 - establishes traffic rules regarding sign 6.4 (“Parking”) and markings 1.1, 1.7.

Important: with March 1, 2023 changes have come into force tightening parking requirements for disabled people and electric vehicles. Now the width of the seat for a disabled person must be at least 3.6 m (previously - 3.5 m), and for charging electric cars - equipped stationary column with minimal maneuvering radius 5 m.

⚠️ Attention: Violation of GOST standards when marking a parking lot in the local area may become the basis for recognition of the parking lot as arbitrary (Article 7.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation) and its dismantling at the request of the residents.

2. Standard sizes of parking spaces for cars

Basic dimensions of a parking space for passenger car (category M1 according to the UNECE classification) are defined in Appendix B GOST R 52289-2019:

  • 🚗 Length: 5.3 m (minimum) - designed for cars of the class D (for example, Toyota Camry, Skoda Octavia).
  • 📏 Width: 2.5 m for perpendicular/oblique parking; 2.3 m - for parallel.
  • 🔄 Turning radius: 12 m - minimal for maneuvering without driving onto the lawn.
Parking type Seat width (m) Seat length (m) Passage width (m)
Perpendicular 2,5 5,3 6,0
Parallel 2,3 6,0 3,5
Oblique (“herringbone”) 2,5 5,3 5,0

For large vehicles (for example, Mercedes S-Class, BMW 7 Series) it is recommended to increase the length to 6.0 m, and the width is up to 2.7 m. This is due to the fact that the bumpers of premium sedans often protrude beyond the standard dimensions.

📊 What type of parking do you encounter more often?
Perpendicular
Parallel
Oblique (“herringbone”)
Other

3. Parking diagrams with dimensions: 3 main types

The choice of scheme depends on territory area, intensity of use and car type. Let's consider each option indicating the minimum dimensions.

3.1. Perpendicular parking

The most common type for shopping centers and office parking. Cars are parked at an angle 90° to the driveway. Benefits:

  • ✅ Maximum capacity per unit area.
  • ✅ Convenient check-in/check-out for beginners.

Disadvantages: requires wide passages (6 m) for maneuvering.

How to calculate the number of seats?

For perpendicular parking, use the formula: (Length of area - 2 × 6 m) / 5.3 m × (Width of area - 6 m) / 2.5 m. For example, ~30 cars will fit in a plot of 50 × 20 m.

3.2. Parallel parking

Used on street parking and in cramped conditions. Cars park along the driveway at an angle 0°. Features:

  • 🚫 Requires high driver skill (especially when seat length < 6 m).
  • ⚠️ Minimum passage width — 3.5 m (with a lower value, the risk of an accident increases by 40%).

3.3. Oblique parking (“herringbone”)

Optimal for high traffic parking lots (airports, train stations). Tilt angle - 45°–60°. Benefits:

  • 🔄 Simplifies maneuvering (the turning radius is reduced to 5 m).
  • 🚗 Allows you to place 20% more cars than the perpendicular layout.
💡

For 60° parking lots, increase the length of the space to 5.5 m - this will prevent the bumpers from touching when leaving.

4. Features of parking for trucks and buses

For vehicles category N2, N3 (trucks) and M3 (buses) separate rules apply:

  • 🚛 Trucks (up to 12 m):
    • Seat length: 12.0 m.
    • Width: 3.0 m.
    • Turning radius: 15 m.
  • 🚌 Buses (over 12 m):
    • Length: 18.0 m.
    • Width: 3.5 m.
    • Directions: 7.0 m (double-sided).

For vans (for example, Mercedes Sprinter, Ford Transit) it is allowed to reduce the length to 8.0 m, but the width should remain 3.0 m - this is due to the dimensions of the open doors.

⚠️ Attention: Truck parking must be located at least 50 m from residential buildings (SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200-03). Otherwise, penalties may apply. excess noise level.

5. Parking for disabled people and electric vehicles: new requirements for 2026

C January 1, 2026 standards for dedicated parking spaces:

5.1. Disabled spaces

  • 🦽 Width: 3.6 m (previously - 3.5 m).
  • 📍 Location: no further 50 m from the entrance to the building.
  • 🚫 Penalty for the lesson: 5,000 rub. (Article 12.19 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

5.2. Charging stations for electric vehicles

  • ⚡ Minimum quantity: 10% of the total number of spaces (for new parking lots).
  • 🔌 Distance to speaker: no more 5 m.
  • 📏 Seat width: 3.0 m (for ease of cable connection).

Install signs 8.8 (“Charging”) and 6.4 (“Parking”)

Provide illumination of at least 20 lux

The coating must withstand a load of 2.5 t/m²

Provide drainage to protect against water -->

6. Common mistakes when designing parking lots and how to avoid them

Even professional designers make mistakes that lead to accidents, fines or inefficient use of space. Here are the most common:

  1. 📉 Insufficient width of passages.

    The consequence: drivers park “overlapping”, blocking neighboring cars. Solution: for perpendicular parking, the driveway must be not less than 6 m.

  2. 🔴 Lack of markings for pedestrian areas.

    According to GOST, pedestrian paths must be wide 1.5 m and highlighted markup 1.14.1.

  3. 🌧️ Ignoring the slope of the territory.

    If the slope is >5%, parking is considered unsafe (risk of car rolling away). Installation required stops or ribbed coverings.

💡

Before approving a parking project, check it in the program AutoCAD Civil 3D or ParkCAD - this will help identify collisions at the planning stage.

7. How to mark a parking lot yourself: step-by-step instructions

If you plan to arrange parking on local area or private plot, follow this algorithm:

  1. 📝 Coordinate the project with the local administration.

    To do this you will need:

    • 📄 Situational plan of the site (scale 1:500).
    • 📏 Calculation of the number of places (taking into account the standards of SP 113.13330.2021).
    • 🚗 Written consent of 2/3 residents (for the local area).
  • 🛠️ Prepare the base.

    Make sure the coating can withstand the load 3.5 t/m² (for asphalt - thickness not less than 5 cm).

  • 🎨 Apply markings.

    Use thermoplastic or cold plastic paint (service life - 2–3 years). Line width - 10–15 cm.

  • 🚧 Install signs.

    Required signs: 6.4 (“Parking”), 8.6.1–8.6.9 (way of setting), 8.17 (“Disabled people”).

    • ⚠️ Attention: Self-marking of a parking lot without the consent of the traffic police is equivalent to arbitrariness (Article 19.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation) and is punishable by a fine of up to 2,000 rub. for individuals.

    FAQ: Frequently asked questions about parking schemes

    🔹 Is it possible to reduce the width of a parking space to 2.0 m to save space?

    No. By GOST R 52289-2019, the minimum width for passenger cars is 2.3 m (parallel parking) or 2.5 m (perpendicular). Reduction leads to:

    • 🚗 Damage to the body when opening the doors.
    • 🚨 Risk of an accident when maneuvering.
    • 📋 Refusal to approve the project at the traffic police.

    Exception: parking for motorcycles (width - 1.0 m).

    🔹 What angle of inclination is optimal for oblique parking?

    Recommended angle - 45°–60°. Benefits:

    • 🔄 45°: maximum capacity (up to +25% of seats compared to the perpendicular layout).
    • 🚗 60°: simplified entry for novice drivers.

    At an angle >60° it is necessary to increase the length of the place to 6.0 m.

    🔹 Do I need to obtain a parking permit in my own lot?

    If the parking is located inside the land plot (for example, in the courtyard of a private house) and does not overlook the roadway, approval not required. However, when going outside you must:

    1. Get permission to district administration.
    2. Agree the scheme with traffic police (if the parking lot borders the road).

    Fine for unapproved markings on public territory - up to 5,000 rub..

    🔹 What are the requirements for parking lot lighting?

    By SP 52.13330.2016, the illumination should be:

    • 💡 Open parking: 10 lux (minimum) 20 lux (optimal).
    • 🏢 Underground/covered: 50 lux.

    Recommended light sources: LED lamps with color temperature 4000–5000 K (provide better visibility of markings).

    🔹 Is it possible to park on the lawn if there is no alternative?

    No. According to Art. 8.42 Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, parking at green spaces punishable by a fine:

    • 🚗 For individuals: 3,000–5,000 rub.
    • 🏢 For legal entities: 30,000–50,000 rub.

    Exception: temporary parking on gravel surface (where permitted by local regulations).