Assembly of electric circuit control of traction engines in the cabin 81-717.5 or Moscow 2020 This is a basic skill that the candidate must master in the learning process to be admitted to work. Without a deep understanding of the principles of operation of the electric contact locomotive and the subway, it is impossible to ensure the safe movement of trains and compliance with the schedule. Machinist's assistant This is not just an intern, but a full-fledged member of the locomotive brigade, who is legally responsible for the lives of passengers and the safety of rolling stock. Unlike many other technical specialties, it requires not only mechanical operations, but also an instant reaction to changes in the readings of the instruments in the tunnel.
Working in a limited tunnel space and high psycho-emotional load requires a specialist to be in excellent physical shape and stress resistance. Critical factors The ability to maintain concentration throughout the shift, even with monotony of movement along a closed loop of the ring line. Mistakes in the brake system or signal lights can lead to serious incidents, so the health and mental requirements here are tougher than in the conventional railway industry.
The path to the profession begins with obtaining specialized education and passing a strict medical selection. Instructor driver will check your knowledge of the design of cars, rules of technical operation and signals supplied from the platform. It is important to understand that the automation of processes does not exclude a person from the control circuit: in emergency situations, it is the actions of the crew, including the assistant, that determine the outcome of the incident. Let’s analyze in detail what this work is, what are the requirements and how a career in the subway is built.
Main job responsibilities and functions
The range of daily tasks includes monitoring the serviceability of the train life support systems before leaving the depot. The driver's assistant is obliged to check the operation of compressors, the condition of the batteries, the functioning of ventilation and heating systems in passenger cabins. When faults are detected, such as air leakage in the brake line or failure in operation automatismHe conducts the initial diagnosis and reports to the dispatcher. Without confirmation of serviceability of all nodes, the composition has no right to go to the line.
During the movement of the train, the assistant performs the functions of the co-pilot, duplicating the actions of the driver and monitoring the readings of the instruments. It monitors speed, brake cylinder pressure, voltage in the contact network and traffic light signals. The duties also include opening and closing doors at stations, controlling boarding and disembarking of passengers through a video surveillance system or visually. Security It is a constant exchange of information between the members of the team.
- 🚇 Monitoring the serviceability of current collectors and high-voltage equipment before each flight.
- 🚦 Duplication of traffic lights and dispatcher instructions to exclude human factor.
- 🔧 Carrying out minor maintenance and eliminating simple malfunctions in the route.
- 📋 Maintenance of travel documentation and journals of the technical condition of rolling stock.
Special attention is paid to actions in emergency situations. When a train stops in the tunnel, the assistant typifies in the evacuation of passengers, monitors the voltage in the contact rail and performs the driver's commands to switch the modes of the electric train. Knowledge PTE instructions (The rules of technical operation) should be brought to automaticity, since there will be no time to search for information.
Health and professional selection requirements
Medical requirements for candidates for the position of assistant metro driver are extremely high and are regulated by special orders of the Ministry of Transport and Health. The candidate must pass a commission in a specialized center, where not only the general physical condition, but also mental stability is checked. Particular attention is paid to the vestibular apparatus, since work in tunnels with pressure drops and constant movement can cause motion sickness or disorientation.
⚠️ Attention: The presence of chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system or hearing is an absolute contraindication. Even a slight decrease in visual acuity or color perception (blindness) will lead to a refusal in the admission, since the driver must clearly distinguish between signal lights.
Psychological testing is aimed at identifying stress resistance, reaction speed and the ability to make decisions in extreme conditions. Experts assess the type of nervous system, the level of anxiety and the tendency to risky behavior. Professional suitability This is only confirmed if all parameters are met, as the cost of error in the subway is extremely high. Regular medical examinations are carried out annually, and any deterioration in health can lead to suspension from work.
| Verification parameter | Requirement | Frequency of control |
|---|---|---|
| Vision (sharpness) | Not less than 0.8 per eye | Every year. |
| Rumor | Distinctive whispering at a distance of 5 m | Every year. |
| Color perception | Complete (lack of color blindness) | At reception and once every 5 years |
| Psychiatry | Absence of pathologies, stress resistance | Every year. |
It is important to note that the presence of tattoos on visible areas of the body (face, neck, hands) can become an obstacle when applying for employment in some subways, where strict corporate standards of appearance apply. Also checked the absence of criminal convictions and problems with the law, as the employee gets access to high-risk objects.
Education and career path
To obtain the qualification of an assistant driver of an electric train, it is necessary to graduate from a specialized educational institution. This can be a railway college, a railway technical school or a specialized training center for the metro. The training lasts from 2 to 3 years depending on the program and includes theoretical training in electrical engineering, mechanics, rolling stock design and safety rules.
The practical part of the training takes place on the basis of the depot under the guidance of experienced instructor. Candidates learn to operate the train on special simulators that simulate various situations: from regular traffic to emergency stops and fires. Only after successfully passing the exams and obtaining a certificate of qualification is allowed to work in the team. Internship Under the supervision of an experienced machinist lasts several months, during which the beginner consolidates the skills.
- 🎓 Obtaining secondary vocational education in the specialty "Technical operation of rolling stock".
- 📚 Study of the device of electrical circuits of wagon types JER3, 81-760/761 and others.
- 🛤️ Practical training on train driving and emergency modes.
- 📝 Passing examinations in the commission with the participation of representatives of Rostekhnadzor.
Continuous improvement of qualifications is a prerequisite. The Metropolitan constantly updates the park, introduces new automation and diagnostic systems, so drivers and their assistants regularly undergo retraining courses. Knowledge of English can be an added advantage, especially in cities with a large flow of tourists, although this is not a requirement.
Career growth
The qualification of the driver's assistant is the first step. After 3-5 years of work and in the presence of higher or secondary special education, you can pass exams for a machinist of the 3rd, 2nd and 1st grades. It is also possible to move to the position of instructor or dispatcher depot.
Working conditions and schedules
Work in the subway is characterized by shift schedules, which often include night shifts, weekends and holidays. Standard operating mode can look like a “day in three” or “two in two”, depending on the rules of the particular subway and the needs of the depot. Night time in the subway is a period of preventive work, when the movement of passenger trains is stopped, but work on the maintenance of tracks and the contact network continues.
Working conditions can be called specific: constant noise, vibration, the presence of electromagnetic fields and work in a closed space of the tunnel. Despite modern ventilation systems, dustiness and microclimate can have an impact on health. Workshop It is issued free of charge and includes suits, shoes with electric shock protection, gloves and personal protective equipment. Compliance with safety regulations is the number one priority.
The social package in the state metro usually includes extended health insurance, reduced travel, sanatorium and resort treatment and early retirement (in some cases). However, a high level of compensation is associated with high responsibility and a busy rhythm of work. Stress resistance is checked daily here.
⚠️ Attention: Work in the tunnel is associated with changes in atmospheric pressure and the presence of drafts from the movement of trains (the “piston effect”). People with chronic joint or respiratory diseases should weigh all the risks before finding a job.
Tip: Before submitting documents, try to communicate with current employees of the depot on forums or social networks. They will tell about the real atmosphere in the team and the nuances of working in a particular city, which are not written in official vacancies.
Salary and social security
The level of income of the driver's assistant depends on the region, seniority, qualification class and number of hours worked. In Moscow and St. Petersburg, salaries are traditionally higher than in the regional metro. The average salary of a driver's assistant in large cities can vary from 60,000 to 100! (https://example.com/ruble.png)000 rubles and above, taking into account premiums and allowances for harmfulness.
The motivation system includes a base salary, allowance for class, for night work, for seniority and for the implementation of planned indicators (without delays, without violations). Prizes They may make up a significant portion of the income, but they are directly dependent on discipline and error-free work. The absence of violations during the year allows you to claim additional bonuses.
- 💰 Basic salary according to the tariff grid of the enterprise.
- 📈 Qualifications allowance (3rd, 2nd, 1st grade).
- 🌙 Additional payment for work at night and holidays.
- 🛡️ Compensation for harmful working conditions and special experience.
State guarantees ensure the stability of payments and the preservation of a job. The Met rarely makes massive cuts as the need for staff is high. However, it is worth considering that salary increases are often correlated with increased responsibility and knowledge that needs to be updated.
Development prospects and automation
The modern metro is actively implementing automatic train systems (ALS-ARS, ACS TP), which changes the role of a person in the cabin. However, it is still impossible to completely exclude a person from the control circuit. Machinist's assistant In the new conditions, it becomes an operator of complex systems, which must be able to intercept control in the event of a failure of automation. Technology does not replace responsibility, it only changes the tools.
The introduction of new generation trains, such as Moscow 2020 or nevaIt requires a deeper knowledge of electronics and software interfaces. The future of the profession lies with specialists who have digital skills along with classical iron training. Career growth is possible to the driver-instructor, shift manager or depot head.
☑️ Are you ready for the profession?
The profession of assistant metro driver is a choice for responsible people who are ready for constant training and work in extreme conditions for the safety of millions of passengers.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can I work as a driver’s assistant without a specialized education?
No, the presence of a diploma of secondary vocational education in the specialty related to rolling stock is a mandatory requirement of legislation. Without a diploma, you will not be allowed to exams and will not be issued a work permit.
What is the age limit for starting work?
There is no official upper limit, but candidates over 35-40 may find it difficult to get through the medical board and adjust to the night schedule. Preference is often given to young professionals under 30 years of age.
Is there a difference in the work of the assistant in different cities?
Yes, the differences concern the types of rolling stock (for example, in St. Petersburg and Moscow different models of cars), the depth of the stations and the specifics of local instructions. However, the basic principles of electrical engineering and PTE are the same for the whole country.
Is it really easy to become a machinist?
The minimum period of service of an assistant before admission to the driver is usually 3 years. This time is necessary for gaining experience and experience. The process can be accelerated only by excellent study and the absence of violations, but the legislative deadlines are not subject to reduction.