The situation when chainsaw Stihl MS 180 It refuses to start after winter downtime or during active work, familiar to many owners of this popular tool. Often panic and attempts to pull the starter on the cold without indiscriminate reason lead to more serious breakdowns that require expensive intervention in the service. Understanding the basic principles of the two-stroke engine allows you to diagnose 80% of problems yourself, without resorting to the help of masters.
The main reasons for the failure of the start are only three: problems with the supply of sparks, lack of fuel in the cylinder or a violation of compression. Model MS 180 It is structurally simple and reliable, but even it has weaknesses, such as crankshaft glands or carburetor settings, which get lost over time. In this article, we will take a detailed look at each node so that you can determine exactly why the tool is silent and get it back into operation.
Primary diagnostics of the fuel system
The most common reason why Chainsaw Stile 180 does not startIt is in the fuel system that it is. The internal combustion engine needs the right mixture of gasoline and air to work. If only air or too rich mixture enters the cylinder, the spark will not be able to ignite the fuel and no start will occur.
First of all, you need to check the presence of the fuel mixture in the tank and its quality. Old gasoline, which has stood in the tank for more than two weeks, loses its octane properties and forms a resinous plaque that clogs the channels. If you poured fresh mixture, but the saw is still silent, you should twist the candle and check its condition.
- 🔥 A dry candle indicates that fuel is not entering the cylinder – look for a problem in the carburetor or fuel lines.
- 💧 A wet, fuel-filled candle indicates over-enrichment of the mixture or problems with spark formation.
- 🌫️ The presence of black soda indicates the improper operation of the carburetor or the use of poor-quality oil.
⚠️ Note: If the candle is wet, do not try to start a saw with the candle installed. You run the risk of flooding the cylinder, which will require a long drying period and can lead to a hydraulic shock when trying to start.
After visual inspection of the candle, it is necessary to dry it, wipe with rags and check the spark. To do this, put on the candle cap of high-voltage wire, press the threaded part to the metal part of the cylinder (mass) and pull the starter. The spark should be bright, blue in color. If there is no spark or it is barely noticeable, the problem lies in the ignition system.
Checking of the ignition system and candles
Lack of spark or its instability is the second most common factor due to which the Stihl MS 180 chainsaw is not started. Unlike cars, there are no sophisticated electronics, but the ignition module (magneto) and high-voltage wire are subject to vibration and moisture.
If the spark is weak or absent at all, first of all replace the candle with a clearly serviceable one. Even a new candle can have a factory marriage. It is also worth checking the gap between the candle and the ignition coil, which should be 0.2-0.4 mm. This gap is adjusted using a special template or probe.
When checking for a spark, hold the candle in your hand only in a rubber glove or use isolated passages to avoid being electrocuted, although the discharge in chainsaws is not fatal but unpleasant.
Often the cause of the loss of a spark is the coarse on the electrodes or a violation of contact in the cap of a high-voltage wire. Oxidation of the contacts inside the cap can interrupt the chain. In rare cases, the ignition coil itself fails, which will have to be changed entirely, since it cannot be repaired.
If the saw stood in the cold, the condensation inside the ignition module can also block the supply of spark until the node completely drys out.
Analysis of carburetor and fuel supply
The carburetor is the heart of the fuel system, and this is where the reasons why are often hidden. Style 180 It does not start cold or die immediately after launch. The fuel filter in the tank, jelly and membranes of the carburetor are sensitive to the quality of the mixture and the purity of gasoline.
If the candle is dry when trying to start, then the fuel does not physically reach the combustion chamber. Check the fuel filter at the bottom of the tank: it should not be clogged with dirt or stick together from old age. Also inspect the fuel hoses for cracks and air suction.
Clogging of jellyclera is a frequent problem. Even a microscopic mottling can cut off the fuel supply. In this case, a disassembly is required and carburettor cleaner. Pay special attention to the condition of the membranes, which eventually lose elasticity and stop pumping fuel.
Another reason may be the air sucking through the crankshaft coils or the gasket between the carburetor and the cylinder. This leads to impoverishment of the mixture, and the saw stops starting. Check tightness can be with a special device or spraying the joints of the carburetor cleaner with the engine running (if it is at least somehow started).
Problems with compression and CPG
Compression is the pressure created in the cylinder when the fuel-air mixture is compressed. Without sufficient compression, ignition is impossible. If chainsaw Stile 180 easily spins the starter, but does not "grab", perhaps the compression fell due to the wear of the piston group.
You can check the compression approximately by plugging the candle hole with your finger and yanking the starter. The finger should be pushed out perceptibly. A more accurate method is the use of a compressometer. For two-stroke engines, pressure in the area of 8-12 atmospheres is considered normal. Values below 6 atmospheres indicate critical wear.
| Symptoms. | Probable cause | Method of decision |
|---|---|---|
| Easy starter move, no flares | Low compression, rings infestation | Replacement of rings or piston group |
| The engine starts and immediately stops. | Air suction, jammed muffler | Defective oels, cleaning the silencer |
| Heavy smoke from the silencer | CNG wear, oil combustion | Major repairs to the engine |
| Metal knocking while working | Broken knee-shaft bearing | Replacement of bearings and glands |
The cause of loss of compression can also be bullies on the cylinder or the destruction of the piston. This often happens when working on a poor mix or using a bad oil. Visual inspection through the candle hole with a flashlight can reveal deep scratches on the cylinder mirror.
Silencer and exhaust system
Few people know, but a smoker is a common reason why Stihl MS 180 It does not start or die under load. The products of combustion of oil and gasoline are deposited in the exhaust channel and the spark mesh, creating a backpressure.
The engine cannot effectively blow the cylinder from the exhaust gases, and the fresh mixture simply cannot enter the desired volume. Symptoms manifest themselves gradually: first, the saw loses power, then begins to deafen on singles, and then completely ceases to start.
⚠️ Warning: Cleaning of the silencer and sparkler should be carried out only after the engine has completely cooled. Nagar can ignite upon contact with air if it is taken off hot.
To eliminate the problem, you need to remove the muffler, remove the spark (metal mesh) and burn the scorch on an open fire or thoroughly clean by mechanical means. Also check the exhaust channel on the cylinder for large deposits.
Adjustment of the carburetor and adjustment of XX
The last but important reason for the failure of the start is the downed settings of the carburetor. Adjustment screws idle The quality of the mixture could be accidentally turned. The Walbro carburetor, which stands on the MS 180, usually has one or three adjusting screws.
If the mixture quality screw (L) is twisted too hard, the mixture will be too poor to run. If it's twisted, it's too rich. The basic setting is made by twisting the screws L and H 1-1.5 revolution from the stop, and then adjusted for hearing by the engine.
The secret of factory settings
At the factory, carburetors are set up on the stand in ideal conditions. After running (first tank) settings can get lost, so the primary adjustment of the L screw is often necessary for the stab!
For precise adjustment, a tachometer will be required to set the maximum idling speeds and turns according to the specification. However, to start the saw enough to achieve stable operation on idles without failures with a sharp press on the gas.
☑️ Launch diagnostics
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Why does the chainsaw Stile 180 start and immediately die?
Most often this indicates clogging of the fuel filter in the tank, air sucking through the glands or carburetor, or a muffler filled with soda. The reason may also be too poor tuning of the L screw.
What is the ratio of oil to gasoline for the Stihl MS 180?
For modern two-stroke oils Stihl HP Ultra proportion is 1:50 (20 ml of oil per 1 liter of gasoline). For other mineral oils, the proportion may be 1:40 or 1:33Read the instructions on the bottle of oil.
Can I get a saw if it was filled with fuel?
Yeah, but first you need to twist the candle, blow the cylinder, stretching the starter several times, and dry the candle. A couple of drops of fresh fuel can be dripped into the cylinder to facilitate start-up.
What to do if the spark is missing after washing the saw?
Probably, moisture got into the candle well or the ignition module. It is necessary to thoroughly dry the nodes with compressed air or a hair dryer (without overheating the plastic) and leave the saw in a warm place for several hours.
Why doesn't the saw start on the hot one?
This is a classic sign of a re-enriched mixture or malfunction of the carburetor needle valve. Also, the reason may be the absence of a gap between the coil and flywheel during thermal expansion.