The machine of the shell for equipping machine gun belts requires an immediate check of the condition of the pin of the emitter, if there is a delay or distortion of the cartridge when sending to the link of the tape. Often the cause of failures is not only wear of parts, but also violation of the rules of lubrication of mobile units or the use of cartridges with deformed shells. The design of this mechanism, despite its external simplicity, is characterized by high precision of pairing parts, where even a microscopic shift of the axis can lead to failure of the entire device in the field.
The operator should pay attention to the characteristic knock or vibration when the handle is working, since these symptoms indicate a backlash in the joints of the lever system. Ignoring primary signs of malfunction feed-in This leads to the rapid failure of more expensive components, such as the box or machine gun itself. Proper diagnosis begins with a visual inspection and free-flow check of all moving elements without a cartridge in the chamber.
Design features of the feeding mechanism
The basis of the device is a massive case, in which the reciprocating system of delivery is mounted. The key element here is sliderThe cartridge moves from the store directly into the ribbon link. The geometry of the slider must perfectly match the caliber of the cartridge, otherwise spells are inevitable. In modern modifications, alloys with increased wear resistance are used, but older samples require more frequent replacement of rubbing parts.
The most important node is the tape fixation system, which keeps the links in a strictly defined position during delivery. Spring-mounted fixers experience colossal cyclic loads, which leads to their fatigue destruction over time. If the tape is supplied by jerks or jumps off the guides, first of all, this node is checked for weakening of springs or breakage of teeth.
⚠️ Note: It is strictly forbidden to use a machine with broken tape locks, as this can lead to double loading and rupture of the gun barrel.
To understand the principle of operation, it is useful to consider the main components in the collection. Below is a table describing the key nodes:
| Node. | Function | Materials |
|---|---|---|
| Slide | Delivery of the cartridge | Steel 45 |
| Holder | Ribbon retention | Spring steel |
| Handle | Drive the mechanism | Aluminum/Steel |
| Corps | Basis | Cast silimine |
Principle of operation and loading cycle
The working cycle begins with the installation of the cartridge in the receiving window and the subsequent movement of the handle forward. At this moment forwarder He grabs the cartridge and pushes it through the metal band. The speed of movement should be uniform, without jerks, to ensure the correct positioning of the bullet relative to the bullet entrance.
On the reverse course of the handle, the mechanism is cocked, and the tape is automatically pulled up a step, substituting the next empty link. This process is being monitored. snoring-mechanismwhich prevents the reverse movement of the tape. Violation of the ratchet leads to a step missed or, conversely, to a double feed, which makes further use of the device impossible.
Technical nuances of the ratchet
Inside the mechanism of the ratchet, a special lubricant is used that does not freeze at low temperatures. Lubricant replacement should be carried out strictly according to the regulations, since the thickened composition blocks the work of the teeth.
The efficiency of the operation depends on the synchronization of the operator’s movements and the mechanics of the device. Experimental calculations produce a certain rhythm, allowing to equip the tapes with maximum speed without compromising reliability. A critically important parameter is the force applied to the handle: it should not exceed the established standards, otherwise the thrust may be bending.
Typical malfunctions and methods of their elimination
The most common problem is the cartridge getting stuck in the receiver's neck. This is often caused by contamination of the channel or the presence of foreign objects. To eliminate it, you need to disassemble receptioncarefully clean it of powder stain and dust, and then check the geometry of the guides.
- 🔧 Weakening of the spring of the return mechanism - replacement or adjustment of tension is required.
- 🔧 Wear of a buck or a drummer - leads to a shot of the capsule without ignition (if we are talking about test shooting).
- 🔧 Deformation of the links of the tape - the use of substandard tape leads to constant spells.
Another common cause of failure is improper assembly after cleaning. If the parts are installed with a skew, the mechanism will work with tension. Particular attention should be paid to the correctness of the installation hubwhich provide a smooth running. Luft in these compounds is unacceptable.
⚠️ Warning: If cracks are found on the body or main levers, the operation of the machine should be immediately stopped to avoid injuries to personnel.
80% of all faults are due to pollution or lack of lubrication, not mechanical failure of parts.
Maintenance and lubrication rules
Regular maintenance is the key to trouble-free work in any conditions. After each shooting or training, it is necessary to carry out a complete disassembly, cleaning and lubrication of all nodes. For cleaning, special solvents are used that remove the soda and residues of gunpowder, after which the surfaces are dryly wiped with rags.
Lubricate the mechanism should only be recommended compositions designed to work in extreme temperature regimes. Consistent lubricants They are applied to rubbing surfaces in a thin layer so as not to attract dust and sand. Excess oil in winter can lead to freezing of the mechanism, and in summer - to drainage and loss of properties.
☑️ Checklist of service
The device must be stored in a dry place protected from corrosion. It is recommended to pack the machine in oiled paper or special covers. Periodically, even without operation, you should check the state of the lubricant and, if necessary, update it.
Node setting and adjustment
Adjusting the feeding mechanism requires a special tool and certain skills. First of all, the slider stroke length is adjusted, which should exactly correspond to the length of the cartridge. Too short a move will not allow to send the cartridge to the link, and too long will lead to deformation of the sleeve.
The force of the tape fixers is further adjusted. It should be sufficient to hold the tape, but not to prevent its free movement when the handle is working. For settings are used gear-screwThe position of which is fixed by counternuts.
- 🛠 Checking the parallelity of the guides.
- 🛠 Adjust the compression force of the springs.
- 🛠 Calibration of the position of the receiving window.
After all the adjustments, control equipment with blank cartridges is necessarily performed. Only after making sure that the course is smooth and there are no delays, you can start working with live ammunition.
Safety in the operation of the device
Work with machine gun belts and equipment machines belongs to the category of increased danger. The operator must strictly observe the rules of handling weapons and ammunition. It is forbidden to direct the device to people or animals, even if it is discharged.
When equipment must use protective glasses, as it is possible to bounce parts or fragments of the sleeves in case of malfunction of the mechanism. Hands should be in a safe area, away from moving parts. delivery-mechanism.
⚠️ Attention: It is forbidden to send the cartridge by hitting the handle or using foreign objects to push the cartridge.
In case of an emergency situation, for example, double charging, you must immediately stop work and call a specialist to eliminate the delay. Self-discharge without proper knowledge can lead to a shot.
Tip: To check the build quality, use a control cartridge with a painted bullet to visually track its path in the mechanism.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can I use a cartridge for a different caliber?
No, every model. squirrel-type It is designed strictly for a certain caliber of ammunition. The use of incompatible ammunition will lead to breakage of the device and possible injuries.
How often should the lubricant in the mechanism be changed?
The lubricant should be updated after each intense training or shooting. When stored in the field, check the state of the lubricant is carried out daily.
What to do if the tape breaks with equipment?
It is necessary to check the condition of the links of the tape and the adjustment of the fixers. Frequent breaks indicate excessive tension or defects in the tape itself.
Is it allowed to replace the springs on your own?
Replacement of springs is allowed if there are original spare parts and compliance with assembly technology. However, it is recommended to carry out such work in a workshop.