Sticking a linocrome to a wooden base requires strict adherence to the temperature regime, since bitumen-polymer mastic is not polymerized in the cold and does not catch on wet plywood. If you try to fix the material on raw lumber without first drying to a 4% humidity, after a month the coating will go bubbles due to evaporation of moisture from the pores of the wood. It is critical to understand that fire For melting here is not suitable, since wood is a combustible material, and the only true solution is the use of cold mastics or hot bitumen with a temperature of not higher than 200 degrees Celsius.
The main mistake when working with linocroma on wooden roofs or walls is to ignore the coefficient of linear expansion, which in wood and bitumen cloth differs significantly. Hard fixation of the canvas throughout the area without taking into account the movements of wood will lead to tearing of the material in winter or the formation of folds in summer. The right technology involves creating an elastic binder layer that compensates for the micromotion of the base.
Before the start of work, it is necessary to carry out a defect of the base, identifying rotten areas, knots and protruding nail hats, which can damage the waterproofing carpet. Warranty life of the coating directly depends on the quality of preparation of the wooden substrate and the absence of sharp edges. Further instructions describe in detail the process of preparation, selection of materials and sticker technology, ensuring tightness of joints and long operation.
Requirements for the preparation of a wooden base
The wooden surface must be absolutely dry, clean and even to ensure the adhesion of the bitumen layer. The presence of dust, sawdust or oil stains creates a separation film, because of which primer It will not be able to penetrate the structure of the tree and create the necessary adhesive layer. The humidity of wood should not exceed 4%, which is checked by a special device - a moisture meter, or by experimental means with the help of a film test.
All irregularities, gaps between the boards and the exit points of fasteners should be carefully sealed. For this purpose, a putty on a bitumen basis or wooden wedges adjusted to the size of the defect are used. Punching hats of screws and nails must be drowned in the body of the board to a depth of 2-3 mm, so that they do not damage the canvas linocrome when rolling or in the process of operation under load.
⚠️ Attention: It is strictly forbidden to put waterproofing on a fresh, undried tree or on a surface affected by fungus. Antiseptation must be carried out in advance, before applying the primer, otherwise biological processes will destroy the structure under the layer of waterproofing.
If the base has significant height differences of more than 5 mm per linear meter, preliminary alignment is required. This can be done by grinding the protruding areas or decking an additional layer of plywood with a thickness of at least 10 mm. The quality of surface preparation determines how reliable bitumen It will keep the load from wind and snow masses.
Selection of materials: primers and mastics for wood
For gluing roll materials to a porous wooden base, the correct selection of a primer is critically important. The best choice is bitumen-based formulations dissolved in organic solvents such as kerosene or white spirit. Such primers have a high penetrating ability, bind residual dust and reduce the consumption of the main mastic, creating a homogeneous film.
As an adhesive, bitumen-polymer mastics of cold use are most often used. They do not require heating, which eliminates the risk of fire of the wooden structure. However, in the cold season, it is allowed to use hot bitumen mastics, the temperature of which should not exceed 160-180 degrees when applied, so as not to cause charring of wood.
- 🧪 Primer bitumen - finished solution of bitumen in an organic solvent, dries for 1-4 hours.
- 🛢️ Mastic is cold - single-component composition based on bitumen and polymers, ready for use.
- 🔥 Mastic is hot. - solid bitumen or tar, requiring heating to operating temperature.
- 🧱 Reinforcing net - glass canvas to strengthen the places of adjoining and joints.
When choosing a material, pay attention to its compatibility with the type linocrome. For polyester-based materials (EPP, CATI) and glass-bapped (EP, TPK) standard bitumen formulations are suitable. It is important that the solvent in the primer completely evaporates before applying the mastic, otherwise the pairs can cause the coating to swell.
Technology of applying primer to wood
The process of priming is a fundamental stage, on which the final tightness of the entire system depends. The primer is applied to the cleaned and dry surface of the tree using a maclovice, roller or sprayer. It is necessary to ensure uniform coverage without gaps, especially in corners and joints where condensation is most often formed.
Primer consumption on a wooden surface may be higher than standard due to the high absorbability of the material. If after drying the first layer, "blind", unpainted areas are visible, the procedure must be repeated. Complete drying takes 2 to 12 hours depending on air temperature and humidity.
⚠️ Attention: Work with primers on organic solvents requires the mandatory use of personal protective equipment for the respiratory and skin. Solvent vapors are toxic and flammable, so smoking and using open fire in the work area are prohibited.
After drying the primer surface is checked for stickiness: bitumen should not stick to the finger pressed to the base. Only then can you start the main stage - the sticker. waterproofing. Skipping the priming stage will lead to the detachment of the mastic along with the top layer of wood.
Instructions for sticker of linocrome on mastic
The laying of the canvas begins at the lowest point of the slope or from the corner of the surface, moving up or sideways. Mastic is applied with a comb spatula or a jagged grater with a uniform layer of 1-2 mm thick. Do not cover a large area with mastic at once, so that it does not have time to freeze until the material rolls in.
roll linocrome roll over the applied layer of mastic, slightly stretching it to avoid the formation of folds. To remove air bubbles and ensure close contact, a heavy roller or rolling roller is used. Movements should go from the center of the canvas to the edges, expelling excess air and excess adhesive composition.
☑️ Stowage checklist
The overlap of the longitudinal strips should be at least 8-10 cm, and the end strips should be 15 cm. In the areas of the flap, the lower cloth is pre-treated by the primer or warmed up (if the method of melting the edges is used) to ensure the monolithic connection. It is important to ensure that no dirt or moisture gets into the seam.
Particular attention is paid to the places of adjoining to vertical structures: walls, pipes, parapets. Here. waterproofing is brought up vertically to a height of at least 25-30 cm and is additionally fixed with a clamping bar or sealed with a mastic with reinforcement with glass fiber.
Comparison of fastening methods: characteristics table
The choice of a particular fixation method depends on the slope of the roof, the type of wood and the climatic conditions of operation. Below is a comparison of the main methods applicable to wooden bases so that you can choose the best option.
| Parameter | Cold mastic | Hot bitumen | Mechanical fasteners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fire safety | Tall (no fire) | Low (risk of fire) | Tall. |
| Temperature of work | From +5°C to +35°C | From -10°C to +40°C | Anytime. |
| Tree adhesion | Great. | Good (burn risk) | Point-point |
| Difficulty of implementation | Low. | High (needs boiler) | Medium |
As can be seen from the table, for wooden structures the safest and most effective method is the use of cold mastics. They provide reliable adherence without the risk of damage to the structure of the tree by high temperatures. Mechanical fasteners are often used as an addition to the adhesive method for fixing canvases on steep stingrays.
Nuances of work in winter
In winter, the use of cold mastics is limited by the storage temperature. Materials should be kept in a warm room for at least 24 hours before the start of work. If the mastic thickened, it can be heated in a water bath, but not on an open fire.
Quality control and typical errors
After completion of the work, a visual inspection of the coating is necessary. There shall be no swelling, detachment, rupture or unpatched areas on the surface. Special attention is paid to seams: they should be tightly rolled and have no visible gaps. If defects are detected, they must be immediately eliminated by gluing the material.
A common mistake is insufficient rolling of seams, which leads to water flowing under the coating in oblique rain or snow melting. Also, you should not save on the primer, since it is he who provides clutch. The use of incompatible materials, such as a water-based primer with bitumen mastic, can lead to the layering of the cake.
- ✅ Adjacent density - Checked visually and tactilely, there should be no bubbles.
- ✅ Seam tightness - the spots of the overhang are missed with an additional layer of mastic.
- ✅ Integrity of the canvas No mechanical damage from shoes or tools.
The operation of the roof or waterproof structure is possible immediately after cooling of the mastic (if hot) or polymerization of the layer. Regular inspection of the coating, especially after winter and strong winds, will help to identify and eliminate minor damage in a timely manner, prolonging the service life. linocrome.
To check the quality of the seams, use a metal hook with a rounded end. Spend them along all joints with a little effort - the material should not move away from the base.
The main secret of durability is not the thickness of the mastic layer, but the ideal preparation of a dry and flat wooden surface before the start of work.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can I put a linkar directly on a raw board?
No, you can't. The raw board has a piley surface and high humidity. It is necessary to grind, remove knots and treat with a primer to create a smooth and adhesive layer.
What is the consumption of mastic per 1 m2 on wood?
The consumption depends on the porosity of the wood, but on average is 1-1.5 kg / m2 for the first layer and about 1 kg / m2 for the adhesive of the fabric. The cost of joints and adjoining increases.
Do I need to remove an old ruberoid from a tree before laying?
If the old ruberoid lies on the mastic, firmly held and has no bloating, it can be left by cleaning and soiling. If it is on nails, rotten or swollen, dismantling is mandatory.
How long can you walk on a glued linocrome?
Walking on the surface can be done after complete polymerization of the mastic, usually after 24 hours at a temperature of +20 ° C. Until then, the coating may be damaged or shifted.