Garage for many motorists becomes a second home, where hours are spent for repairs or just a pleasant pastime, but with the onset of cold weather to be in an unheated room becomes impossible. That is why the issue of autonomous heating stands up to every owner, and the simplest, most effective and affordable solution is often a classic metal furnace. Proper installation of bourgeois in the garage requires not only the desire to warm up, but also strict compliance with fire safety rules, since improper installation can lead to fire or carbon monoxide poisoning.
In this article, we will discuss in detail all stages of preparation and installation, paying special attention to the nuances of the passage of the chimney through the structures and the choice of fuel. You will learn how to calculate the power required, what materials to use for insulation and why. natural-thrust This is a critical parameter for the efficient operation of the entire system. Competent approach will create comfortable conditions, avoiding the common mistakes of beginners.
Selection of installation site and preparation of premises
The first and most important step is to determine the point where the heating device will be located. According to the current fire safety regulations, the furnace must be at least 50 cm away from any combustible surfaces, including wooden walls, shelves with rags or canisters with gasoline. If the garage is made of combustible materials, it is necessary to provide additional thermal protection in the form of screens made of galvanized steel or special drywall.
It is important to consider the aerodynamics of the room: the furnace should not stand on a draft, as this can disrupt the work. flue-chamber and cause smoke, but fresh air must be available for combustion. The optimal place is considered to be the angle diagonally opposite to the front door, or the wall adjacent to the gate, which allows you to effectively use thermal energy to cut off the cold from the outside.
- 🔥 Distance to the walls: a minimum of 50 cm to combustible materials and 10 cm to non-combustible.
- 💨 Ventilation: The presence of supply holes in the lower part of the gate or wall is mandatory.
- 🛡️ Gender protection: use of a metal sheet with a thickness of at least 1 mm in front of the furnace door.
⚠️ Attention: It is strictly forbidden to install bourgeois in the immediate vicinity of storage places of fuel, paints and solvents. Gasoline vapors are heavier than air and can accumulate in the lower part of the room, creating an explosive situation when a spark hits.
Before the start of installation work, it is necessary to conduct a thorough audit of the room and remove all unnecessary items that may interfere with safe operation. The floor under the stove should be perfectly flat and made of non-combustible materials such as concrete or ceramic tiles to eliminate the risk of tipping over or burning the deck.
Power calculation and equipment selection
The efficiency of heating directly depends on the correctly selected capacity of the equipment, which is calculated based on the volume of the garage and the quality of its insulation. For uninsulated metal garage of a standard area of 24 sq. m (4x6 m) with a ceiling height of 2.5 m will require a furnace capacity of about 10-12 kW, while for a well-insulated brick structure will be enough and 6-8 kW.
Modern models are often equipped with a function long-burningThis allows you to lay the fuel less often, but such designs require more accurate adjustment of the air supply. When choosing, you should pay attention to the thickness of the furnace walls: for intensive use, it is better to take models made of steel 4-6 mm thick or cast iron, which burn more slowly.
| Garage area (sq.m.) m) | Ceiling height (m) | Type of insulation | Recommended power (kW) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15-20 | 2.2 - 2.5 | Absent. | 8 - 10 |
| 20-30 | 2.5 - 3.0 | Minimum | 10 - 14 |
| 30-40 | 2.5 - 3.0 | Quality. | 12 - 16 |
| 40-50 | 3.0+ | Absent. | 18 - 22 |
Do not chase for maximum power, as heating can lead to deformation of the metal and rapid burnout of the structure. It is better to choose a model with a power reserve of about 15-20%, which will allow you to quickly warm up the room after a long downtime, but work in normal mode without overloads.
Installation of the chimney: materials and scheme
The combustion product removal system is the heart of the safety of the entire design, and errors are not allowed. For bourgeois, it is best to use sandwich tubes or heat-resistant stainless steel with a thickness of at least 1 mm, since the ordinary ferrous metal burns quickly due to the high temperature of flue gases. The diameter of the pipe should match the outlet of the furnace, and ideally be a little larger to ensure good traction.
When designing the chimney path, it is necessary to follow the rule: the fewer horizontal sections, the better, since they contribute to the formation of condensation and reduce thrust. If exit through the wall is impossible and the pipe goes through the roof, it is important to properly decorate the passage unit, using non-combustible insulators and observing indentations from the rafters.
- 📏 Tub height: At least 5 meters from the straws to create natural traction.
- 🌡️ Isolation: use of basalt cardboard in the passageway through the floors.
- 🧹 Audit: installation of a tee with a condensate collector and a hatch for cleaning.
⚠️ Attention: The horizontal section of the chimney ("borov") should not exceed 1 meter in length. Exceeding this value dramatically reduces traction and increases the risk of reverse traction in the wind, which will lead to smoke in the garage.
All joints of pipes should be carefully sealed with a special heat-resistant sealant that can withstand temperatures up to 1000 ° C, and fastened with clamps. This will prevent carbon monoxide from entering a room that is odorless and deadly to humans.
To increase the efficiency of the bourgeois can make a horizontal section of the pipe about 1 meter in length inside the room, but necessarily under a slight slope towards the furnace or vertical riser, so that the condensate does not flow back.
Instructions for installation with your own hands
The installation process begins with the preparation of the base: if the floor is wooden, a sheet of metal is laid on it, a layer of basalt cardboard or asbestos is placed on top, and then brickwork or concrete slab. After installing the furnace on the prepared place, the chimney is assembled, starting from the pipe of the furnace and moving upwards, while each next pipe should be inserted into the previous one in the course of smoke ("condensate") so that moisture does not flow outwards.
A critically important step is the organization of a passageway through the roof or wall, where it is necessary to cut a hole with a margin of 20-30 cm more than the diameter of the pipe. In this gap is installed a pass glass filled with non-combustible insulation, and the pipe itself should not touch the edges of the hole or building structures.
☑️ Check before the first launch
After assembly of the whole system, a test furnace should be carried out using a small amount of fuel to check the tightness of the seams and the force of traction. If smoke or burning smell is detected, immediately stop operation and additional sealing of joints or checking of channels should be carried out.
Fire safety and isolation
The surface temperature of the red-hot bourgeois can reach 300-400 degrees Celsius, which creates a high risk of ignition of nearby objects. To protect the walls, screens are made of reflective materials, such as stainless steel with air gap, which works as an effective thermal insulator. You can also use special refractory slabs of vermiculite or gypsum fiber.
Particular attention should be paid to the ceiling if the garage is low, as hot air and sparks rise up. Above the furnace, it is recommended to install a metal reflector sheet, which will redirect heat flows and protect the ceiling from overheating.
How often do you clean the chimney?
The frequency of cleaning depends on the type of fuel: when using firewood - 2 times a season, when burning coal or waste - monthly. Clogging soot reduces thrust and increases the risk of soot burning inside the pipe (soot burning temperature up to 1200 ° C).
Never leave a working stove unattended for long periods, especially if there are people in the garage. A serviceable fire extinguisher and sandbox is a requirement for any room with an open source of fire.
Operation and maintenance of the furnace
Regular maintenance extends the life of the equipment and ensures safe operation. It is necessary to periodically check the condition of the metal of the furnace for burnouts, especially in the lower part, where the combustion temperature is maximum. The doors should be tightly closed, and the latch lock securely fix the position.
Cleaning of ash should be carried out as ash accumulates, since its excess blocks the access of air to the spikelets, reducing the efficiency of combustion. It is also important to monitor the condition of the sliver valve: it should move freely and not be jammed with soot.
- 🧹 Cleanup: removing soot from the chimney with a brush.
- 🔍 Inspection: Checking the welds and the body for cracks.
- 🔥 Fire: use of dry firewood or briquettes, the exclusion of garbage.
⚠️ Attention: Do not use gasoline, kerosene or other flammable liquids to ignite. This can cause the vapor explosion inside the furnace and serious burns or damage to the furnace structure.
At the end of the heating season, it is recommended to conduct a complete overhaul of the system, clean the rust and cover the outer surfaces with heat-resistant paint to protect against corrosion. Proper care will allow the stove to last for many years, keeping warm in your garage even in the strongest frosts.
The safety of the burrico installation depends on the quality of the chimney installation and the observance of the distances to combustible materials.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can I use a burger for permanent heating if I am in the garage?
Yes, it is possible, but it is necessary to ensure a constant supply of fresh air for combustion and ventilation of the room. It is recommended to install a carbon monoxide (CO) sensor, since even with good traction, micro-leaks are possible, dangerous to health with prolonged stay.
How high should the pipe be above the roof ridge?
If the pipe comes closer than 1.5 meters from the skate, it should be above the skate by at least 0.5 meters. If the distance is more than 1.5-3 meters, the top of the pipe should be at the level of the skate. This ensures stable thrust regardless of the wind direction.
How do you feel about drowning a bourgeois in the garage?
The optimal fuel is dry hardwood or fuel briquettes. They give a lot of heat and less soot. Coal gives a higher temperature, but requires frequent cleaning and can overheat a thin-walled stove.
Do I need to make a foundation for a bourgeois?
No separate foundation is required as the weight of the structure is small. However, a non-combustible base (metal sheet + asbestos or brickwork) must be arranged directly below the installation site to protect the floor.